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France recorded its hottest day and night in history on Tuesday as a relentless heatwave claimed at least 42 lives, including two children left dead in a parked car, while 40 drowning deaths were reported in desperate attempts to escape the scorching temperatures.
Météo-France confirmed that the national average temperature reached 29.8°C on Tuesday, surpassing the previous record set in August 2003. The extreme heat persisted through the night, with the country experiencing its warmest overnight period since records began in 1947, averaging 21.6°C after dark. More than 39 million people—over half the population—remained under red alert warnings as temperatures soared to 43°C in some regions, with Bordeaux, Rennes, and Toulouse forecast to hit 40°C.
The human toll mounted rapidly. Two children, aged two and four, were found dead inside a parked car in Carpentras, southern France, on Monday, with prosecutors opening an inquiry into the circumstances. Authorities also reported 40 drowning deaths since Thursday as swimmers sought relief, while three elderly people died in their homes from heat exposure. Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu convened an emergency crisis meeting on Tuesday to coordinate the national response.
Public infrastructure buckled under the strain. The Louvre and Eiffel Tower closed early, while France’s national railway SNCF cancelled 10 trains in the Paris region to prevent track buckling. Schools across multiple departments remained shut, and tourist sites limited access. In Paris, residents without air conditioning spent the night in parks to escape the stifling heat.
Meteorologists attributed the extreme conditions to a “heat dome” trapping Saharan air over Europe, with similar warnings issued in Spain, Italy, Switzerland, and the UK. Spain’s meteorological agency predicted Tuesday could become the hottest June day on record, with temperatures in Andalusia, Basque Country, and Cantabria expected to reach 44°C. Belgium’s national rail operator removed non-air-conditioned trains from service, while Austria braced for a peak in the coming days.
Climate scientists warned that such early-season heatwaves were becoming the new normal, driven by human-induced climate change. “This is not an anomaly but a trend,” said a spokesperson for Météo-France . With no immediate respite in sight, Europe faces a summer of escalating climate extremes.
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